Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a used for DNA and RNA sequencing for, gene expression studies and/or variant/mutation detection amongst others. NGS can sequence hundreds and thousands of genes or the whole genome in a short period of time.

The technique of sputum induction and processing is a recognized non-invasive method allowing the collection and analysis of cells from the airways, which is interesting in various respiratory diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic cough, or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.